{"id":259,"date":"2023-10-02T11:49:02","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T09:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=259"},"modified":"2023-10-16T08:38:34","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T06:38:34","slug":"javascript-v-html","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=259","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript v html"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" aligncenter\" src=\"\/picture\/Javascript.png\" width=\"218\" height=\"179\" \/><\/p>\n<p>JavaScript je skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje tvorcom webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok vytvori\u0165 ove\u013ea interakt\u00edvnej\u0161ie str\u00e1nky. S\u00fa n\u00edm zvy\u010dajne ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 r\u00f4zne interakt\u00edvne prvky GUI (tla\u010didl\u00e1, textov\u00e9 pol\u00ed\u010dka) alebo tvoren\u00e9 anim\u00e1cie a efekty obr\u00e1zkov.<\/p>\n<p>Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017eitie JavaScriptu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Varovn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy<\/li>\n<li>Popup okn\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>Dynamick\u00e9 menu<\/li>\n<li>Formul\u00e1re<\/li>\n<li>Zobrazovanie d\u00e1tumu alebo \u010dasu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Program v JavaScripte sa zvy\u010dajne sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a a\u017e po stiahnut\u00ed WWW str\u00e1nky z Internetu (na strane klienta), na rozdiel od in\u00fdch jazykov, ktor\u00e9 sa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa na strane servera e\u0161te pred stiahnut\u00edm z Internetu.<br \/>\nVzh\u013eadom k tomu, \u017ee HTML nem\u00e1 skriptovacie schopnosti, mus\u00edte pou\u017ei\u0165 tag &lt;script&gt; pre vytvorenie skriptu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00faci skriptovac\u00ed jazyk.<br \/>\nP\u00e1rov\u00fd tag &lt;script&gt; hovor\u00ed prehliada\u010di, \u017ee m\u00e1 medzi t\u00fdmito tagmi predpoklada\u0165 skript. Skriptovac\u00ed jazyk \u0161pecifikujete pomocou atrib\u00fatu type , pre JAVASCRIPT zad\u00e1te hodnotu tohto atrib\u00fatu: text \/ javascript.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.1. Vlo\u017eenie skriptu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eete ur\u010di\u0165, \u010di sa skript spust\u00ed automaticky (ako n\u00e1hle sa str\u00e1nka na\u010d\u00edta), alebo potom \u010do u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e nie\u010do urob\u00ed (klikne na odkaz).<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00edklad JavaScriptu:<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;script type=\"text\/javascript\"&gt; \r\n  alert(\"Toto je JavaScript!\") \r\n  &lt;\/script&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>Umiestnen\u00edm tohto k\u00f3du do hlavi\u010dky dokumentu, sa po na\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed str\u00e1nky objav\u00ed spr\u00e1va: Toto je JavaScript!.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.2. Sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie skriptu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch budete chcie\u0165, aby sa skript nesp\u00fa\u0161\u0165al automaticky. M\u00f4\u017eete nastavi\u0165 spustenie skriptu a\u017e potom \u010do u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e vykon\u00e1 nejak\u00fa akciu (napr\u00edklad prejde my\u0161ou cez odkaz)<br \/>\nTieto akcie sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa\u00a0<em>intrinsic events (<\/em>skr\u00e1tka<em>\u00a0events<\/em>). Existuje 18 preddefinovan\u00fdch akci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu spusti\u0165 skript. Pomocou atrib\u00fatu v HTML tagu ur\u010d\u00edte, ktor\u00e1 udalos\u0165 m\u00e1 spusti\u0165 skript.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chcete aby sa zobrazila spr\u00e1va v stavovom riadku V\u00e1\u0161ho prehliada\u010da. Pre t\u00fato akciu pou\u017eijete atrib\u00fat onmouseover .<\/p>\n<p>HTML k\u00f3d:<\/p>\n<pre>Nav\u0161tivte &lt;a href=\"http:\/\/www.moja_domena.sk\/HTML-navody\/HTML-a-JAVASCRIPT.php\" onMouseover=\"window.status='Nau\u010dte sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 JavaScript'; return true\" &gt; moja_domena.sk&lt;\/a&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>Stavov\u00fd riadok nepodporuj\u00fa v\u0161etky prehliada\u010de. Ak nezaznamen\u00e1te vo Va\u0161om stavovom riadku zmenu, v\u00e1\u0161 prehliada\u010d nepodporuje tento druh JavaScriptu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.3. Extern\u00fd skript<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Va\u0161e skripty m\u00f4\u017eete tie\u017e vp\u00edsa\u0165 do extern\u00e9ho s\u00faboru av HTML dokumentu a na neho odk\u00e1za\u0165. Toto je u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 pri skriptoch, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1te vlo\u017een\u00e9 na viacer\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach. Zoberte si napr\u00edklad menu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 by\u0165 takmer na ka\u017edej str\u00e1nke webu. Ak budeme chcie\u0165 treb\u00e1rs prida\u0165 odkaz, nemus\u00edme t\u00fato akciu vykon\u00e1va\u0165 pre ka\u017ed\u00fa str\u00e1nku, ale iba raz v externom s\u00fabore. V\u00fdsledok sa prejav\u00ed na ka\u017edej str\u00e1nke, preto\u017ee na ka\u017edej je odkaz na tento skript.<\/p>\n<p>Tu je uk\u00e1\u017eka toho ako by mal vyzera\u0165 odkaz na extern\u00fd skript:<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"externy-script.js\"&gt;&lt;\/script&gt;<\/pre>\n<p><em>POZOR! Extern\u00fd s\u00fabor mus\u00ed by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00fd ako s\u00fabor JavaScript, mus\u00ed ma\u0165 teda\u00a0<strong>pr\u00edponu .js,<\/strong>\u00a0inak sa nejedn\u00e1 o JavaScript!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.4. Skrytie skriptu pre star\u0161ie prehliada\u010de<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Takmer v\u0161etky nov\u0161ie prehliada\u010de podporuj\u00fa JavaScript, ale niektor\u00e9 star\u0161ie nie. Tu je uveden\u00fd pr\u00edklad ako skry\u0165 skript pre star\u0161ie prehliada\u010de.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre>&lt;script type=\"text\/javascript\"&gt; \r\n  &lt;!-- \r\n  alert(\"Toto je JavaScript!\") \r\n  --&gt; \r\n  &lt;\/script&gt;<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.5. Alternat\u00edvne inform\u00e1cie pre star\u0161ie prehliada\u010de<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eete tie\u017e poskytova\u0165 alternat\u00edvne inform\u00e1cie pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00fdch prehliada\u010de nepodporuj\u00fa skripty (a pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 skripty). To urob\u00edte pomocou tagu &lt;noscript&gt; .<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre>&lt;script type=\"text\/javascript\"&gt; \r\n  &lt;!-- \r\n  alert(\"Toto je JavaScript!\") \r\n  --&gt; \r\n  &lt;\/script&gt; \r\n  &lt;noscript&gt; \r\n  K zobrazeniu tejto str\u00e1nky mus\u00edte ma\u0165 povolen\u00fd JavaScript!!! \r\n  &lt;\/noscript&gt;<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4.6. Nastavenie predvolen\u00e9ho skriptovacieho jazyka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eete nastavi\u0165 predvolen\u00fd skriptovac\u00ed jazyk pre v\u0161etky tagy script . To v\u00e1m u\u0161etr\u00ed \u010das ak m\u00e1te na Va\u0161ej str\u00e1nke napr\u00edklad iba JavaScripty, nemus\u00edte u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho skriptu \u0161pecifikova\u0165, \u017ee sa jedn\u00e1 o JavaScript.<\/p>\n<p>HTML k\u00f3d umiestnen\u00fd v hlavi\u010dke dokumentu:<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;meta http-equiv=\"Content-Script-Type\" content=\"text\/JavaScript\" &gt;<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JavaScript je skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje tvorcom webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok vytvori\u0165 ove\u013ea interakt\u00edvnej\u0161ie str\u00e1nky. S\u00fa n\u00edm zvy\u010dajne ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 r\u00f4zne interakt\u00edvne prvky GUI (tla\u010didl\u00e1, textov\u00e9 pol\u00ed\u010dka) alebo tvoren\u00e9 anim\u00e1cie a efekty obr\u00e1zkov. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017eitie JavaScriptu: Varovn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy Popup okn\u00e1 Dynamick\u00e9 menu Formul\u00e1re Zobrazovanie d\u00e1tumu alebo \u010dasu Program v JavaScripte sa zvy\u010dajne sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a a\u017e po stiahnut\u00ed WWW str\u00e1nky [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-259","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=259"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":310,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/259\/revisions\/310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}