{"id":345,"date":"2023-12-04T07:24:38","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T06:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=345"},"modified":"2023-12-04T07:24:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-04T06:24:38","slug":"operatory","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=345","title":{"rendered":"Oper\u00e1tory"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Aritmetick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Matematick\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td>\nPr\u00edklad<\/strong><\/td>\nV\u00fdsledok<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
s\u00fa\u010det<\/strong><\/td>\n$cislo = 12+8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rozdiel<\/strong><\/td>\n$cislo = 12-8<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n\u00e1sobenie<\/strong><\/td>\n$cislo = 12*8<\/td>\n96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
delenie<\/strong><\/td>\n$cislo = 12\/8<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zvy\u0161ok po delen\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n$cislo = 12%8<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Priorita vykon\u00e1vania oper\u00e1ci\u00ed plat\u00ed ako v matematike. Teda n\u00e1sobenie a delenie s\u00fa vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 sk\u00f4r ako s\u010d\u00edtanie a od\u010d\u00edtanie. Ak chceme najsk\u00f4r s\u010d\u00edta\u0165, mus\u00edme pou\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1tvorky.<\/p>\n

Ak m\u00e1me u\u017e deklarovan\u00fa premenn\u00fa a chceme k nej pri\u010d\u00edta\u0165 (od\u010d\u00edta\u0165, vyn\u00e1sobi\u0165, vydeli\u0165) nejak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, m\u00f4\u017eeme vyu\u017ei\u0165 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9ho z\u00e1pisu. Uva\u017eujme premenn\u00fa\u00a0$var = 12<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Matematick\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td>\nPr\u00edklad<\/strong><\/td>\nV\u00fdsledok<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
pri\u010d\u00edtanie<\/strong><\/td>\n$var = $var+8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pri\u010d\u00edtanie<\/strong><\/td>\n$var += 8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
od\u010d\u00edtanie<\/strong><\/td>\n$var -= 8<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vyn\u00e1sobenie<\/strong><\/td>\n$var *= 8<\/td>\n96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vydelenie<\/strong><\/td>\n$var \/= 8<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zvy\u0161ok po delen\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n$var %= 8<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Inkrement\u00e1cia (zv\u00fd\u0161enie), dekrement\u00e1cia (zn\u00ed\u017eenie). Uva\u017eujme premenn\u00fa\u00a0$var = 12<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Matematick\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td>\nPr\u00edklad<\/strong><\/td>\nV\u00fdsledok<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
o jednotku viac<\/strong><\/td>\n$var++<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
o jednotku menej<\/strong><\/td>\n$var\u2013<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n$y = $var++<\/td>\n$y = 12, $var=13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n$y = $var\u2013<\/td>\n$y = 12, $var=11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n$y = ++$var<\/td>\n$y = 13, $var=13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n$y = \u2013$var<\/td>\n$y = 11, $var=11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Pr\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n

echo \"Dnes je: \".Date(\"j. m. Y\");\r\n  echo \"Zajtra bude: \".Date (\"j. m. Y\",time()+86400); \/\/ 86400=24*60*60\r\n  echo \"Pr\u00e1ve je: \".Date (\"H:i:s \");\r\n  echo \"O hodinou bude: \".Date (\"H:i:s\",Time()+3600); \/\/ 3600=60*60\r\n<\/pre>\n
V\u00fdsledok pr\u00edkladu:<\/em><\/p>\n
Dnes je: 29. 11. 2012
\nZajtra bude: 30. 11. 2012
\nPr\u00e1ve je: 22:50:47
\nO hodinou bude: 23:50:47
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
2. Logick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Vracaj\u00fa len dva stavy:\u00a0true<\/em>\u00a0alebo\u00a0false<\/em>. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa napr\u00edklad pri cykloch alebo vetven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
logick\u00fd oper\u00e1tor<\/strong><\/td>\nPr\u00edklad<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
rovnos\u0165<\/strong><\/td>\n==<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nerovnos\u0165<\/strong><\/td>\n!=<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
je men\u0161\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed alebo rovn\u00fd<\/strong><\/td>\n<=<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
men\u0161\u00ed alebo rovn\u00fd<\/strong><\/td>\n>=<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n&&<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
alebo \u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n||<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
neg\u00e1cia (opak)<\/strong><\/td>\n!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
podmienen\u00fd oper\u00e1tor<\/strong><\/td>\nvyraz1 ? vyraz2 : vyraz3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Podmienen\u00fd oper\u00e1tor znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokia\u013e je\u00a0v\u00fdraz1 == true<\/em>, v\u00fdsledkom je\u00a0v\u00fdraz2<\/em>. Pokia\u013e je\u00a0vyraz1 == false<\/em>, v\u00fdsledkom je\u00a0vyraz3<\/em>.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n
$a = \"7\";\r\n  $b = 7.00;\r\n  echo \"v\u00fdsledok_1 = \".($a == $b);\r\n  echo \"v\u00fdsledok_2 = \".(($a == $b) && (gettype($a) == gettype($b)));\r\n<\/pre>\n
V\u00fdsledok pr\u00edkladu:<\/em><\/p>\n
v\u00fdsledok_1 = 1
\nv\u00fdsledok_2 =<\/p>\n
Pr\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n
$a = 4;\r\n  $b = 5;\r\n  $c = 6;\r\n  echo \"v\u00fdsledok_1 = \".($a == 4 && $b == 5 && $c == 6);\r\n  echo \"v\u00fdsledok_2 = \".($a == 3 or $b == 5);\r\n  echo \"v\u00fdsledok_3 = \".!($a == 4 && $b == 5 && $c == 6);\r\n<\/pre>\n
V\u00fdsledok pr\u00edkladu:<\/em><\/p>\n
v\u00fdsledok_1 = 1
\nv\u00fdsledok_2 = 1
\nv\u00fdsledok_3 =
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
3. Bitov\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Tieto oper\u00e1tory pracuj\u00fa v bin\u00e1rnom tvare a ka\u017ed\u00fa oper\u00e1ciu vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa na jednotliv\u00fdch bitoch (PHP pracuje s 32bitov\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edslami).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
oper\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td>\nPr\u00edklad<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
bitov\u00e9 n\u00e1sobenie<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ & y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bitov\u00e9 s\u010d\u00edtavanie<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ | y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bitov\u00e1 neg\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ ` y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bitov\u00fd posun doprava<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ >> y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bitov\u00fd posun do\u013eava<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ << y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zmen\u00ed 0 na 1 v prvom \u010d\u00edsle<\/strong><\/td>\nx$ ^ y$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Pr\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n
echo (6 & 5);\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ 6 \u00bb 110, 5 \u00bb 101\r\n  echo (6 | 5);\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ 6 \u00bb 110, 5 \u00bb 101\r\n<\/pre>\n
V\u00fdsledok pr\u00edkladu:<\/em><\/p>\n
4\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ 4 \u00bb 100
\n7\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ 7 \u00bb 111
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
Echo alebo print?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Pr\u00edkaz\u00a0echo<\/em>\u00a0nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdrazu, preto\u017ee nevracia \u017eiadnu hodnotu.
\nPr\u00edkaz\u00a0print<\/em>\u00a0hodnotu vracia, tak ho m\u00f4\u017eeme do v\u00fdrazu zaradi\u0165. Inak by mali by\u0165 tieto pr\u00edkazy rovnak\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Oper\u00e1tor potla\u010denia chybov\u00fdch hl\u00e1sen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n
Oper\u00e1tor\u00a0@<\/em>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva k vypnutiu chybov\u00fdch spr\u00e1v vstavan\u00fdch funkci\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n
echo \"1. typ: \".(5 \/ 0);\r\n  echo \"2. typ: \".@(5 \/ 0);\r\n<\/pre>\n
V\u00fdsledok pr\u00edkladu:<\/em><\/p>\n
    \n
  1. typ:\u00a0Warning<\/strong>: Division by zero in\u00a0..cesta..<\/strong>\u00a0on line\u00a0..riadok..<\/strong><\/li>\n
  2. typ:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    1. Aritmetick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory Matematick\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia Pr\u00edklad V\u00fdsledok s\u00fa\u010det $cislo = 12+8 20 rozdiel $cislo = 12-8 4 n\u00e1sobenie $cislo = 12*8 96 delenie $cislo = 12\/8 1.5 zvy\u0161ok po delen\u00ed $cislo = 12%8 4 Priorita vykon\u00e1vania oper\u00e1ci\u00ed plat\u00ed ako v matematike. Teda n\u00e1sobenie a delenie s\u00fa vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 sk\u00f4r ako s\u010d\u00edtanie a od\u010d\u00edtanie. Ak chceme najsk\u00f4r […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-345","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=345"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":346,"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/345\/revisions\/346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdm.sosthe.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}